AHS-P7-6. How a Well-Functioning Federal Public-Option Health Insurance Program could Bolster Capitalism & the Free Market


Borna Vaezi1, 2
Faculty Mentor: Djeto Assane, Ph.D.2
1Lee Business School, Department of Economics
2Lee Business School, Department of Finance

ABSTRACT
To submit a research paper that shows how a well-functioning public-option healthcare plan can increase economic output, raise GDP, and increase the life expectancy of the average American. A thorough review will be done looking at economic & social factors that a functioning, non-price gouging, and non-profit health insurance plan that is open to all American citizens can have deep positive effects on total productivity, wages, capital expenditures on meaningful investments by both firms & people, as well as juxtaposing the current system with one that is possible to achieve.

AHS-P6-6. Solitary Confinement and Criminogenic Attitudes: Is Isolation Reinforcing Pro-Criminal Thoughts, Feelings, and Beliefs?



Michal Newhouse-Van Vlerin1, 2
Demi Kourtesi1
Faculty Mentor: Stephen Benning, Ph.D.1
1College of Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology
2College of Fine Arts, Department of Theatre

ABSTRACT
Documented increases of problematic symptomatology following exposure to social exclusion contexts may be suggestive of increases in antisocial cognition and pro-criminal attitudes among prisoners. An exacerbation in behavioral indicators of criminality in correctional populations including aggressive behavior, reduced cooperation, and deficits in impulse control may suggest that restrictive and exclusionary correctional practices can aggravate criminogenic thoughts, feelings, or beliefs. Existing literature indicates that an endorsement of pro-criminal attitudes is one of the greatest predictors of future criminal behavior.
The study will recruit 400 randomly selected female adult inmates from Florence McClure Women’s Correctional Facility of Las Vegas, Nevada. A hard copy of self-report survey will be given to the participants and is expected to take 1 hour to complete. After informed consent, participants will be asked to complete a survey regarding their demographics, confinement, and pro-criminal attitudes. Participants will be surveyed at the beginning of the study, and approximately 1 week after they are released from segregation. At least one participant from the initial sample who approximately matches the demographics of the participant who is exiting segregation will also be surveyed at the same time as part of a control group.
The primary goal of this study is to demonstrate the negative effects of solitary confinement. The secondary goal is to impact policy in correctional institutions. This study aims to understand whether being placed in solitary confinement can affect pro-criminal attitudes. This research will become a strong premise to the argument of abolishing solitary confinement.

HNSE-P3-7. Introduction to Quantum Computing and Information


Rashad Hall1
Faculty Mentor: Bernard Zygelman, Ph.D.2
1College of Sciences, Department of Mathematical Science
2College of Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy

ABSTRACT
The world is constantly challenged by complex scientific, economic, and medical problems. In many cases, progress in finding solutions requires the application of modern computing machines. Simultaneously, the classical paradigm based on the turing machine model has well-known limits. Some problems require computing resources that grow exponentially with the size of data, thus making solutions intractable for such applications.
In the past 25 years, researchers have realized that computing machines based on the principles of quantum mechanics might offer a novel strategy for attacking these problems. In this report, we investigate how quantum and classical computers differ. To highlight these differences, we performed several experiments designed and implemented on an IBM quantum computer.
In one circuit design, we investigated the measurement outcomes of a quantum system in each state, represented by the symbol |0>, when processed by a Hadamard gate. We observed a distinct measurement pattern for both even amounts of Hadamard gates and odd amounts of Hadamard gates. Results suggest that a Hadamard gate is a so-called noisy gate; in the same way, flipping a coin will result in two evenly distributed outcomes. If that interpretation is correct, one expects the same outcomes for an even number of gates. We resolved this paradox by positing that a quantum state can exist in a so-called superposition state, allowing for the interference of probability amplitudes.

HNSE-P2-3. Surfactant Use in Boiling Heat Transfer Alludes to a Universal Concentration?



Vesper Evereux1
Mario Mata Arenales1
Brandon Ortiz1
Dhruv Luhar1
Faculty Mentor: Jeremy Cho, Ph.D.1
1Howard R. Hughes College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering

ABSTRACT
Surfactants—molecules that change the surface properties of liquids—can enhance the rate of heat transfer in boiling, which could improve power generation, heating/cooling/refrigeration, and other applications. Boiling involves cycles of bubble nucleation, growth, and departure. These behaviors are modified as surfactants adsorb to the bubble surface, lowering surface tension and changing the bubble contact angle. Unique to each type of surfactant, there is a critical micelle concentration (CMC) above which surfactant molecules aggregate into larger structures called micelles. From conventional wisdom, adding surfactants beyond the CMC increases liquid viscosity, resulting in an overall lowering of heat transfer. Thus, to optimize heat transfer, the optimal concentration should be near the CMC. This is because the Reynolds and Rayleigh numbers of the liquid decrease—reducing the ability of the liquid to convect heat. However, our testing has found that different surfactants experience a marked “bump” in heat transfer performance occurring at the 6–7 mM range. Our results suggest the existence of a universal optimized concentration for surfactants. We hypothesize that this concentration is due to the rate surfactants enter the bubbly region via liquid motion (advection) matching the rate at which surfactants exit the region via bubble surfaces. We are continuing experiments with nonionic (TWEEN families) and ionic (sodium sulfate families) surfactants with vastly different CMCs to see if they all experience a similar “bump” around 6–7 mM. The implications could have great practical impact as engineers could consult a universal concentration to achieve optimal heat transfer efficiency with any surfactant.

HNSE-P1-8. Deep Learning on a Xilinx Kria KV260 Vision AI Field-Programmable Gate Array Platform


Robert Lonasco1
Datino Dixon1
Sarah Harris, Ph.D.1
Faculty Mentor: Venkatesan Muthukumar, Ph.D.1
1Howard R. Hughes College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

ABSTRACT
Deep Learning (DL) has revolutionized research and development over the past ten years. Several challenges are that DL requires large power consumption and can be slow. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are great candidates for implementing DL algorithms and solutions because they are configurable and offer low latency and low power consumption. In addition, the FPGA platform has on-chip memory and computation accelerators, for example adders, which decrease memory bottlenecks and helps to prevent memory and bandwidth issues. Furthermore, due to the versatile architecture of the FPGA, users can design application-specific hardware, instead of using general-purpose hardware found in a processor. The Xilinx Kria KV260 Vision AI (KV260) FPGA board was used for this project as it contains numerous accelerated applications for performing DL with a live camera feed. Three major DL solutions were used: Facial Recognition (FR), Figure Detection (FD), and Object Identification (OI). Overall, FR and FD performed well, but OI currently demonstrated low accuracy. Each DL solution had ten test cases with FR, FD, and OI having 90%, 82%, and 57% respectively. These results show that the KV260 can successfully implement a variety of DL solutions, especially as an edge device. A future implementation is to improve upon the current DL training models to provide better accuracy.

AHS-P6-5. Frequency of Each Sex Affected by Sudden Unexplained Deaths due to Developmental Epilepsy


Betsua Garcia-Trujillo1, 2
Faculty Mentor: Rochelle Hines, Ph.D.2
1College of Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology
2College of Sciences, School of Life Sciences

ABSTRACT
Developmental epilepsy is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that is mainly characterized by the onset of different types of seizures, developmental delays, and electroencephalogram (EEG) changes at a young age. Because it can describe a variety of syndromes, symptoms and specific causes may vary between affected individuals. Previous research has examined sex differences within affected adult populations but research examining sex differences for developmental epilepsy is lacking.

The objective of this research is to determine the frequency of each sex within a population of mice that died prematurely from developmental epilepsy due to mutations of the GABAA receptor α2 subunit.

To determine the frequency of each sex, we extracted DNA from the tails of pups that died prematurely. We determined their sex by running PCR to amplify the sex-determining region on the Y chromosome (SRY). PCR products were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Males are identified by the presence of two bands of 300 and 350 base pairs (bp) while females are identified by one single band of 350 bp.

Current research provides evidence that males are at higher risk for sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The current study aims to examine whether males are at higher risk in our model of developmental epilepsy. Future research can provide additional insight into the mechanisms that lead to differences in SUDEP risk.

AHS-P6-2. Moving beyond Trauma-Informed Approaches to Understanding Social Suffering In and Because of Schools

 


Alexia Brown1
Faculty Mentor: Iesha Jackson, Ph.D.2
1College of Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology
2College of Education, Department of Teaching and Learning

ABSTRACT
Social suffering impacts students’ who are from underprivileged backgrounds. The traumas associated with students who are experiencing struggles at home are very prevalent in society, but many educators aren’t prepared to understand and address these students’ issues. Due to this, it is commonplace that schools can potentially inflict additional traumas in their students’ educational experience. Further research and proper implementation of trauma-informed practices can best assist both students and instructors, as well as the institutions that create these environments on how to address social suffering in and because of schools.

This research was funded by UNLV’s TRIO McNair Scholars Institute, which is housed within UNLV’s Center for Academic Enrichment and Outreach and funded under the TRIO Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement Program by a grant (P217A170069) from the U.S. Department of Education. 

AHS-P5-5. India: COVID-19


Kelvin Leon1
Tavis Perna2
Neha Shah2
Qianwen Zhou2
Faculty Mentor: Kimberly Nehls, Ph.D.3
1Lee Business School, Department of Management, Entrepreneurship, and Technology
2Lee Business School, Department of Accounting
3Lee Business School, Department of Marketing and International Business

ABSTRACT
India is the second-most populated country in the world. Its imports and exports reach far across the globe and influence many countries. Last year, India was struck by COVID-19 and suffered greatly in several of the country’s leading international aspects. We believe that in order to grasp the impact of COVID-19 on a large population, we need to take a deeper look into India as one of the most densely populated nations in the world. Specifically, we want to research India’s population fluctuations, trade patterns, financial resources, and societal effects on the people. Our research came from peer-reviewed sources, credible media sources, and direct publications from the Indian government. With our research, we understood the impacts of COVID-19 on India and how the most heavily populated nation in the world changed after the global pandemic. This research significantly impacts recovering nations as we describe how a nation in the top 10% in the world suffered and how permanent changes can be drawn from this research to develop a strategy that minimizes further damages from COVID-19.

AHS-P3-8. Waste in China


Sofia Jimenez1, 2
Katie McCaslin3
D’nasia Thompson3
Faculty Mentor: Kimberly Nehls, Ph.D.1
1Lee Business School, Department of Marketing and International Business
2College of Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology
3Lee Business School, Department of Accounting

ABSTRACT
With a world full of inescapable garbage, how much is the emerging country of China producing and should the globe be concerned? As the most populous country in the world, China accounted for over 15% of the earth’s waste volume in 2020. China has the biggest share of waste in the world, but is it enough for other countries to intervene?

Higher levels of greenhouse gas in the earth’s atmosphere change its climate and some of these gases are linked to solid waste. These changes can result in more frequent, dangerous natural disasters (floods, hurricanes, mass species extinction, disease, etc.) and could damage communities all over.

AHS-P2-1. Why is Ethiopia at War with Tigray



Shewarega Belachew1
Faculty Mentor: Kimberly Nehls, Ph.D.2
1Lee Business School, Department of Accounting
2Lee Business School, Department of Marketing and International Business

ABSTRACT
EPRDF (Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front) took control of the government in 1991, EPRDF consists of TPLF (Tigray People’s Liberation Front), ADP (Amhara Democratic Party), ODP (Oromo Democratic Party) and SEPDM (southern Ethiopian’s People’s Democratic Movement). From the minority group of TPLF, Meles Zenawi become prime minister of Ethiopia from 1991 till his death 2012. Because of the prime minister ethnicity, TPLF become powerful and influential ethnic group in Ethiopia. All top government position in Finance, military, intelligence filled by Tigrayan. During his time all Tigrayans get special treatment in almost all aspect of the government from off record incentive such as access to the government service, tax breaks and soft regulatory oversight for those from Tigray ethnic group. This paper will investigate and analyze factors that leads Ethiopia to have a war with Tigray. My research uses comparative research method and use key interview in gathering relevant data. The finding of my research demonstrates that in 2018 Current prime minister Abiy Ahmed come to power and change Ethiopian democracy by releasing political prisoners, allowing political expatriate to come home, and lifting bans on press. This reform resulted TPLF to lose their power and leads to corruption investigation against TPLF. In response to that TPLF attacked the Ethiopian military base, soon after Ethiopia military start defending the country with the support of neighbor state like Amhara, Oromo. It is very important to discuss the underlying reasons for this war and the link of this war with economic and political power.

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